Labarum

The new standards were called by the name Labarum, and may be seen on the coins of Constantine the Great and his nearer successors.

Smith's Bible Dictionary 1884

In this form a new standard, called the Labarum, was accordingly made, and borne by the Roman armies.

Easton's Bible Dictionary M.G. Easton 1897

The only difference between his "Labarum" and the symbol of the Gaulish sun-god was that his upper spoke was looped to form the letter P.

In Troubadour-Land A Ramble in Provence and Languedoc 1879

The bearer of the Labarum was an officer of high rank down to the last days of the Byzantine government. —

Count Robert of Paris 2008

Ducange seems to have proved, from the evidence of coins and triumphial monuments, that a standard of the form of the Labarum was used by various barbarous nations long before it was adopted by their Roman conquerors, and he is of opinion that its name also was borrowed from either Teutonic Germany, or Celtic Gaul, or Sclavonic Illyria.

Count Robert of Paris 2008

[1886] [The Orientals delight in such refinements, but the "scandal of the cross" led the early Christians thus to retort upon the heathen; and the Labarum may have been the fruit of this very suggestion.]

ANF01. The Apostolic Fathers with Justin Martyr and Irenaeus 1819-1893 2001

The principal emblem upon his coins is the Labarum, or sacred banner, bearing the monogram of Christ -- the letters [Greek: Ch] and

The Continental Monthly, Vol. 6, No. 6, December 1864 Devoted To Literature And National Policy Various

To the examples mentioned by your correspondent, I admit that the form of the cross, as now received, may be derived from that of Christ, discovered on Mount Calvary in 236 A.D. Constantine, in 306 A.D., adopted it as a standard in Labarum.

Notes and Queries, No. 209, October 29 1853 A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, Antiquaries, Geneologists, etc. Various

_Labarum_ of Constantine became a common Christian symbol.

The Non-Christian Cross An Enquiry into the Origin and History of the Symbol Eventually Adopted as That of Our Religion John Denham Parsons

A coin representing him holding the Labarum with the inscription, Restitutor Reipublicae, expresses perfectly his title to remembrance.

The Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume 14: Simony-Tournon 1840-1916 1913