Definitions
from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.
- noun Any of various toxic proteins obtained from certain plants and bacterial cultures.
from The Century Dictionary.
- noun A poisonous ptomaine; toxin.
from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.
- noun (Physiol. Chem.) Any of a class of toxic substances of protein nature; a toxin.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun A
protein which istoxic (i.e.organic andpoisonous )
Etymologies
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License
From toxin 'organic poison' (from Middle Latin toxicus 'poisonous', from Latin toxicum 'poison (for arrows)', from Ancient Greek (toxikon), from (toxa) 'arrows', from (toxon) 'bow') + albumin 'protein' (from French albumine, from Latin albumen 'egg white', from albus 'white'). The term was first used in about 1890 by the research chemists Ludwig Brieger (1849-1919) and Sigmund Fraenkel (1868-1939).
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Examples
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In 1890, L. Brieger and C. Fraenkel prepared, from cultures of diphtheria bacilli, a toxic substance, which they called toxalbumin, which when injected in suitable doses into guinea-pigs, immunized these animals to diphtheria.
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Further, the second experiment to be adduced against the specificity of anaphylaxis I conducted with two kinds of toxalbumin, extracted from the Actinia, a substance which I named congestin, as its property is to bring on grave congestion of the circulatory system in the intestines and stomach.
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Phallin is a toxalbumin which destroys the red blood-corpuscles, causing the serum to become red in colour and the urine blood-stained.
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