Definitions
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun biochemistry A
protein phosphatase that stimulates the growth and differentiation ofT cells
Etymologies
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Examples
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Elidel belongs to a class of drugs known as calcineurin inhibitors, so called because they reduce immune activity by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme calcineurin.
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AKAP5 protein domains that interact with other signaling molecules, such as calcineurin, have been mapped to regions still present in the D36 protein
PLoS ONE Alerts: New Articles Michael Weisenhaus et al. 2010
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In time, a slow and steady rise in basal cell calcium levels leads to activation of calcineurin, which in turn leads to nuclear importation of the transcription factor NFAT (Nuclear Factor of T-cells).
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In addition to undergoing hypertrophy, these mouse bladders also show signs of activation of the calcineurin NFAT pathway and shifts in their expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms.
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This is of clinical relevance because cyclosporine A is a known inhibitor of calcineurin.
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Prior to the approval of Elidel for treating skin conditions in children over 2 years of age, calcineurin inhibitors were used as systemic immunosuppressants in organ transplant patients.
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On February 15, 2005, an FDA advisory committee met to discuss calcineurin inhibitors.
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When this protein is activated, it and another protein, calcineurin, trigger the physical changes that muscle cells undergo after intense exercise.
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It works by intervention of a phosphorylation reaction - it inactivates the phosphatase calcineurin.
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Belatacept is different from calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), such as cyclosporine, which is the class of drugs most commonly used to suppress the immune system in transplant patients, because it does not cause the toxicities associated with CNI - such as nephrotoxicity and aggravating cardiovascular risk factors.
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