kiers

The lime boil is carried out in what are called "kiers".

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech

PARIS - Algerian security forces said they had killed 20 armed Moslem militants since the weekend and had identified the kiers of the last three foreigners to be murdered in Algeria.

ANC Daily News Briefing 1994

Great care should be taken to see that the goods are evenly laid in the kiers, not too tight, or the liquor will not penetrate properly; and not too slack, or they will float about and get entangled and more or less damaged.

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech

Injector kiers are made to work either under a pressure of 40 lb. to 50 lb. of steam per square inch, when they are called high-pressure kiers, or at a pressure of 15 lb. to 20 lb., when they are called low-pressure kiers.

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech

So long as the goods in the kiers are not allowed to get dry there is no risk of damage; this trouble rarely arises with the Barlow and injector kiers.

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech

The lye boils are done in the ordinary kiers, and do not call for further notice, except that in filling the goods into the kiers care should be taken that while sufficiently loose to permit of the alkaline liquors penetrating through the hanks properly, yet they should be so packed that they will not float about and thus become entangled and damaged.

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech

It is usual, and it is a good plan with almost all kinds of kiers, except the Mather and Edmeston kiers, to put a number of large pebbles or small stones at the bottom of the kier, which serves to make a false bottom on which the goods rest and through which the liquor penetrates and flows away.

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech

Then again care should be taken, especially when using low-pressure kiers, to see that the supply of liquor does not get too low, in which case the goods in the upper part of the kier are liable to get dry and are tendered thereby.

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech

The length of boil averages about four hours, certainly not less than three should be given, and it is not necessary to give more than five hours in either ordinary kiers, with central puffer pipe, or in injector kiers.

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech

Many forms of kiers have been devised, but the one in most general use is that known as the "injector kier," of which a drawing is given in Fig. 4, of the form made by Messrs. Mather & Platt of Salford.

The Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics A Practical Handbook for the Dyer and Student Franklin Beech