nK

Cornell and Wieman then produced a pure condensate of about 2 000 rubidium atoms at 20 nK (nanokelvin), i.e. 0.000 000 02 degrees above absolute zero.

Press Release: The 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics 2001

By making the evaporative cooling more effective a pure condensate was obtained with a temperature of 20 nK.

The 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics - Information for the Public 2001

This corresponds to temperatures of the order of 100 nK (nanokelvin), i.e. a tenth of a millionth of a degree above absolute zero.

The 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics - Information for the Public 2001

In the JILA experiments, the spectacular results of which are illustrated in figure 1, the process was initiated at a temperature of approximately 170 nK.

The 2001 Nobel Prize in Physics - Information for the Public 2001

The minimum temperature now became 180 nK, 22 times below the recoil limit

Additional background material on the Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 1997

Cohen-Tannoudji could show cooling in two dimensions to 250 nK, about 16 times below the recoil limit temperature.

Additional background material on the Nobel Prize in Physics 1997 1997

Draw 2 2 towards central line, and 2n towards point of sight till it meets the second vertical _nK_.

The Theory and Practice of Perspective 1876

The freefall continues as the atoms are further cooled by a laser technique called "optical molasses", followed by evaporative cooling to create a BEC of about 10,000 atoms at a temperature of about 10 nK.

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