qaghan

Assuming the title qaghan, he requested Patriarch Timotheus (r. 780 - 819) to assign a Nestorian Christian metropolitan for his realm.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 9 The Religious Conversions of the Uighurs 2006

Only he and his descendants had the spiritual authority to assume the title qaghan, and only his tribe could provide political leaders for the other Turkic tribes.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 13 The Establishment of New Empires in Central Asia 2006

As overlords and protectors of the Turks’ sacred mountain, they assumed the title qaghan by the end of the century.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 14 The Founding of the First Two Turkic Islamic States 2006

Qarluq Turk domain, the Qarluq ruler, Bilga Kul Qadyr, in 840 declared himself “qaghan,” the rightful leader and protector of all Turkic tribes, and changed the name of his kingdom and dynasty to Qarakhanid (Karakhanid).

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 13 The Establishment of New Empires in Central Asia 2006

The spiritual force (qut) representing the fortune of the Turks as a whole resided in this mountain and would embody in the qaghan as his own vital force or charismatic power responsible for his success or failure.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 13 The Establishment of New Empires in Central Asia 2006

Assuming the guardianship of Mount Otukan, he declared himself qaghan and established the Old Turk Empire.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 8 The Religious Conversions of the Eastern Turks 2006

Internal strife for succession to the throne preoccupied the Qarakhanids in the subsequent years, with Yusuf finally emerging as qaghan in 1024.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 17 Tangut, Tibet, and Northern Song China in the Eleventh Century 2006

Between 574 and 579, during the reign of the second Eastern Turk qaghan, Tapar (r. 572 - 581), the Northern Qi and Northern Zhou tributary states of the Eastern Turk Empire instituted a persecution of Buddhism.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 8 The Religious Conversions of the Eastern Turks 2006

If Turkic society’s fortune declined, the qaghan was accountable and could even be sacrificed.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 8 The Religious Conversions of the Eastern Turks 2006

The Turkic form of Tengrism, then, regards any Turkic chief controlling Otukan as supreme ruler (Turk. qaghan) of all Turkic tribes and embodiment of society’s fortune.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 8 The Religious Conversions of the Eastern Turks 2006