qaghans

Nevertheless, the Uighur qaghans still wished, for the moment, to maintain friendly relations with Tang China.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 9 The Religious Conversions of the Uighurs 2006

This is evidenced by the anti-Buddhist rhetoric of some of the later Uighur qaghans.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 12 The Establishment of Buddhist Kingdoms by the Uighurs 2006

When Tonyuquq convinced the Second Eastern Turk qaghans more than a hundred years later to drop Buddhism and return to the customs and practices of Tengrism and the Turkic shamanic tradition, the main reason was that Buddhism had proved itself weak by permitting Tang China to end the First Eastern Turk Dynasty in the 630s.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 8 The Religious Conversions of the Eastern Turks 2006

The Qarakhanid qaghans and generals were strong military leaders themselves and, with a strong agenda of expanding their empire at the expense of both Muslim and non-Muslim states, they personally designed and directed their troops’ campaigns.

The Historical Interaction between the Buddhist and Islamic Cultures before the Mongol Empire ��� 15 The Qarakhanid Campaign against Khotan 2006