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Examples
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Typical woody species include Acacia tortilis, which is most common, as well as A. laeta, Commiphora africana, Balanites aegyptiaca and Boscia senegalensis.
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Saharan species include the trees Acacia tortilis raddiana on sandy substrates, A. ehrenbergiana on stony and clay soils and a few stands of Hyphaene thebaica in rocky wadis.
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The undulating plains to the west are grass-covered with occasional umbrella acacia Acacia tortilis and Commiphora africana trees, which become almost desert during periods of severe drought.
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In the lower mountain areas, wadi species include Zizyphus spina-christi, Prosopis cineraria, Acacia tortilis and some fig species, especially Ficus salicifolia.
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The savanna is dominated by spiny bushes, acacias such as Acacia nilotica (which needs seasonal flooding) A. tortilis, A. seyal, Balanites aegyptiaca, Tamarix senegalensis and Euphorbia balsamifera.
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Acacia tortilis, and other acacia species predominate along with A. elatior, desert date Balanites aegyptiaca and doum palm Hyphaene coriacea in sparse gallery woodlands.
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Open woodlands include mixed Acacia/broad-leaved woodland (Hyphaene coriacea and Ziziphus mucronata) and mixed Acacia woodland (Acacia nigrescens, A. gerrardii, A. tortilis, A. nilotica) which provide grazing and browsing for herbivores.
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On the steep slopes, Euphorbia larica is the characteristic species, associated with Acacia tortilis, A. gerardii and Periploca aphylla.
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They include riverine woodland (Ficus sycomorus, Acacia xanthophloea); mixed Acacia closed woodland (A. tortilis, A. nilotica); broad-leaved woodland (Combretum molle, Zizphus mucronata) and Terminalia sericea - Strychnos woodland and scrub.
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In the south (i.e. coastal Mauritania), Sahelo-Saharan linked species such as Acacia tortilis, Maerua crassifolia, Salvadora persica, and Balanites aegyptiaca are well represented.
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