vanaprastha

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The usual course of human spiritual development, however, passes through four life stages: leading the celibate life of a student (Skt. brahmacharya), becoming a married householder (Skt. grhastha) and raising a family, retiring to the forests (Skt. vanaprastha) and living as a hermit, renouncing everything (Skt. sannyasa) and, while still living alone in the forests,

Indian Society and Thought before and at the Time of Buddha 2007
Tapah is penance; hence it stands for all kinds of observances like chandrayana, and modes of life, vanaprastha, etc.

The Mahabharata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa, Volume 3 Books 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 Kisari Mohan [Translator] Ganguli