Definitions
from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.
- noun The hydrolytic breakdown of proteins into simpler, soluble substances such as peptides and amino acids, as occurs during digestion.
from The Century Dictionary.
- noun The change effected in proteids during their digestion.
from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.
- noun (Physiol. Chem.) The digestion or dissolving of proteid matter by proteolytic ferments.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun biochemistry The
hydrolysis ofproteins intopeptides andamino acids ; especially as part of thedigestion of food.
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- noun the hydrolysis of proteins into peptides and amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds
Etymologies
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Examples
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Muscle breakdown, called proteolysis, was measured as the rate of appearance of the amino acid leucine into the plasma.
Build muscle while you de-junk your cells | The Blog of Michael R. Eades, M.D. 2005
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This is a cascade of proteolysis using a series of related factors.
Behe's Test, Take 2 2008
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We then added RNase A, and to our surprise proteolysis was completely inhibited, even with an extremely small amount - mere few nanograms - of the enzyme added: it looked as if the enzyme exerted its effect via catalysis - RNA degradation.
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Searching for a mentor, and with the advice of my colleague Mickey Fry, I looked for scientists whose work was related to regulated proteolysis.
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The model system that was chosen to study proteolysis was degradation of abnormal hemoglobin in the reticulocyte which is the terminally differentiating red blood cell.
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The idea was that the same defect in monoubiquitination of the histone may affect also protein degradation which involves polyubiquitination, though it was clear that the single modification of the histone molecule by ubiquitin does not lead to its targeting to proteolysis.
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It was still necessary to demonstrate that the process requires energy, and indeed, following our initial characterization of degradation of abnormal hemoglobin in the intact cell, we showed that the process required energy (was published in 1978 in the proceedings of a proteolysis meeting held in Buffalo, NY), and felt that the time was ripe to break the cell open and isolate and characterize the non-lysosomal and ATP-dependent proteolytic enzyme (s).
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Interestingly, Ernie studied proteolysis before Avram joined him first, but had never published in the field before.
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I wanted to pursue, the effect of RNase on ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis.
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I therefore wanted to continue my studies in a related field, learning more on regulated proteolysis, but also to continue my own studies on ubiquitin.
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