Definitions

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

  • noun A complex speech sound consisting of a stop consonant followed by a fricative; for example, the initial sounds of child and joy.

from The Century Dictionary.

  • noun In phonology, an intimate combination of a stop with a spirant or fricative of the same position, as German pf (originally p) in pfennig, pfeffer, etc., or German z or iz (originally t) in zinn, tin, katze, cat, etc.
  • In phonology, to utter as an affricate.

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.

  • noun (Phon.) A combination of a stop, or explosive, with an immediately following fricative or spirant of corresponding organic position, as pf in german Pfeffer, pepper, z (= ts) in German Zeit, time.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

  • noun phonetics A sound produced using a combination of a plosive and a fricative. English sounds /t͡ʃ/ (catch) and /d͡ʒ/ (jury) are examples.

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

  • noun a composite speech sound consisting of a stop and a fricative articulated at the same point (as `ch' in `chair' and `j' in `joy')

Etymologies

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition

[Latin affricātus, past participle of affricāre, to rub against : ad-, ad- + fricāre, to rub.]

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Examples

  • Can we perhaps explain this by hypothesizing a Mycenaean antecedent of σῦς σίαλος, pronounced with a word-initial affricate *z-, before being transfered to Proto-Cyprian ie. a pre-Etruscan stage in the late 2nd millennium BCE?

    Fat porkers get sacrificed 2010

  • Similarly loans such as "chamber", "champion", "chalice" don't have an initial affricate because of "mishearing" the French, but because of representing a loan before deaffrication or from a conservativ variety, or vice versa as in the last case.

    Edward Sapir and the Philistine headdress 2010

  • Can we perhaps explain this by hypothesizing a Mycenaean antecedent of σῦς σίαλος, pronounced with a word-initial affricate *z-, before being transfered to Proto-Cyprian ie. a pre-Etruscan stage in the late 2nd millennium BCE?

    Archive 2010-06-01 2010

  • As the Greek language does have a perfect 'Z' sound (and always had), the development -i-za -issa is only likely if the Minoan sign was an affricate (*ts), that the Greek rendered to a stressed 'S'.

    A new value for Minoan 'd' 2009

  • If there are no voicing contrasts in Minoan stops, then it seems to me that the likeliest value for d is something more like an unaspirated affricate: /tʃ/.

    A new value for Minoan 'd' 2009

  • Apparently it means: sibilant is a type of fricative or affricate consonant, made by directing a jet of air through a narrow channel in the vocal tract towards the sharp edge of the teeth.

    Three Men (with Pens) and a Lady 2009

  • But isn't Chinook pronounced with an affricate "ch" either?

    Making Light: The Colorful Holiday Customs Of Our European Friends 2009

  • If related to Etrusco-Lemnian languages, I'd expect Minoan would have a possible, hidden aspiration contrast in stops as well as some affricates if the Linear A d-series is related to common Etrusco-Lemnian affricate *z.

    A new value for Minoan 'd' 2009

  • But isn't Chinook pronounced with an affricate "ch" either?

    Making Light: The Colorful Holiday Customs Of Our European Friends 2009

  • So I wonder if it's possible that, if anything, the Linear A pa-i-to represents a pronunciation like *Pʰaizo z = /ts/ with an affricate later corrupted in Greek.

    A new value for Minoan 'd' 2009

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