Definitions
from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.
- noun A chemical group capable of selective light absorption resulting in the coloration of certain organic compounds.
from The Century Dictionary.
- noun A chromophorous substance.
from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.
- noun (Chem.) Any chemical group or residue (as NO2; N2; or O2) which imparts some decided color to the compound of which it is an ingredient.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun chemistry that part of the
molecule of adye responsible for itscolour - noun chemistry (more generally) the group of atoms in a molecule in which the
electronic transition responsible for a givenspectral band is located
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- noun the chemical group that gives color to a molecule
Etymologies
Sorry, no etymologies found.
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Examples
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These single - and double-cone sensitivities were estimated based on two assumptions: (1) the visual pigment λ max for each gene is the same for all species; and (2) the chromophore is A1 (11 - cis retinal) for all species.
PLoS Biology: New Articles Christopher M. Hofmann et al. 2009
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Our first paper on Cypridina luciferin was published in 1957, although the chromophore structure of luciferin remained to be elucidated.
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Dr. Roger Tsien of University of California, San Diego, engineered GFP by modifying the amino acid residues surrounding the chromophore, producing many different fluorescent proteins that emit various colors, from blue to red.
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At that time, however, it was commonly believed that expressing the cDNA in living organisms would not produce fluorescent GFP, because the formation of its chromophore requires the reactions of condensation and dehydrogenation that are not expected to occur spontaneously.
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In 1972, back at Princeton, we succeeded in determining the structure of AF350, a part of the aequorin chromophore.
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Before leaving Princeton, I elucidated the chromophore of GFP (Shimomura, 1979).
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If the disappearance of the jellyfish had occurred 20 years earlier, we wouldn't have been able to learn the mechanism of the aequorin bioluminescence reaction, as well as the chromophore of GFP.
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[RT] And that's a strange paradoxical phenomenon because we discovered that almost any mutation of one amino acid right next to the chromophore will shift it to being all of one or all of the other – either all UV or all blue.
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The third act of the GFP story began in 1994, when Roger Tsien explained how the chromophore of GFP can form spontaneously in the presence of oxygen and engineered a GFP variant with blue fluorescence, demonstrating that point mutations in the primary structure of GFP can modulate its fluorescence emission spectrum.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 - Presentation Speech 2008
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It was generally assumed that formation of its chromophore would require enzymes specific to A. victoria, but there was one GFP believer named Martin Chalfie who had a different view.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2008 - Presentation Speech 2008
uselessness commented on the word chromophore
The part of a molecule that give it its color. According to Engadget, an Israeli company has created a new optical disc that can hold a full terabyte of data by creating a "hologram-like matrix" of chromophores. Future versions may reach capacities of 5TB.
August 23, 2007
reesetee commented on the word chromophore
Wow. Who'da thunk it?
August 23, 2007
seanahan commented on the word chromophore
This doesn't make too much sense. There is no physical part that gives a molecule color, it is a combination of things. And what does this have to do with disks? The article makes a lot more sense.
August 24, 2007
uselessness commented on the word chromophore
I'm no physicist but Wikipedia says the following:
"A chromophore is part (or moiety) of a molecule responsible for its color.
"When a molecule absorbs certain wavelengths of visible light and transmits or reflects others, the molecule has a color. A chromophore is a region in a molecule where the energy difference between two different molecular orbitals falls within the range of the visible spectrum."
August 24, 2007
oroboros commented on the word chromophore
Re: "When a molecule absorbs certain wavelengths of visible light and transmits or reflects others, the molecule has a color."
It "has a color" not as an "out there" waiting-to-be-discovered, thing-in-itself color, but only via participating (mediating) optic organ cum neurological network (brain) Moreover, if a chromophore is a "region" ("part"), and it's defining quality is a difference in energy levels, this implicitly involves a perceiving structure capable, indeed, programmed to inpute value, i e., categorize/recognize that difference for the purpose of a fight, flight, eat, mate with (or, perhaps ignore) response whether innate or learned for that perception. The "visible" spectrum varies from organism to organism. So does color, especially in the context of cultural influences (for humans).
This is my understanding of what "second generation" cognitive science ala George Lakoff, et al., would say about the wiki article excerpt quoted. (See my "Philosophy in the Flesh" list.)
August 24, 2007
seanahan commented on the word chromophore
I just think it is incorrect to say that the chromophore is "part of the molecule".
August 25, 2007
oroboros commented on the word chromophore
Chromophores -> photovoltaic cells.
February 7, 2010