cleistogamous

Some cleistogamous flowers never open, in contrast to chasmogamous flowers that open and are then pollinated.

Pollination Wikipedia 2009

There were highly significant effects of competition on shoot mass and number of seeds matured in cleistogamous CL spikelets.

Altruism: Even Plants Can Do It - The Panda's Thumb 2007

To determine whether resource partitioning or kin selection is more likely to describe the dynamics of local competition, a greenhouse experiment was conducted with Triplasis purpurea, a cleistogamous annual with restricted dispersal.

Altruism: Even Plants Can Do It - The Panda's Thumb 2007

Clumps of these delicate little pinkish blossoms and abundant leaves, cuddled close to the cold earth of northern forests, usually conceal near the dry leaves or moss from which they spring blind flowers that never open -- cleistogamous the botanists call them -- flowers that lack petals, as if they were immature buds; that lack odor, nectar, and entrance; yet they are perfectly mature, self-fertilized, and abundantly fruitful.

Wild Flowers Worth Knowing Neltje Blanchan 1891

The beech-drop bears cleistogamous or blind flowers in addition to the few showy ones needed to attract insects.

Wild Flowers Worth Knowing Neltje Blanchan 1891

This species produces no cleistogamous or blind flowers.

Wild Flowers Worth Knowing Neltje Blanchan 1891

Its oddity of structure, its lovely color and enticing fringe, lead one to suspect it of extraordinary desire to woo some insect that will carry its pollen from blossom to blossom and so enable the plant to produce cross-fertilized seed to counteract the evil tendencies resulting from the more prolific self-fertilized cleistogamous flowers buried in the ground below.

Wild Flowers Worth Knowing Neltje Blanchan 1891

No plant dares depend upon its cleistogamous or blind flowers alone for offspring; and in the sixty or more genera containing these curious growths, that usually look like buds arrested in development, every plant that bears them bears also showy flowers dependent upon cross-pollination by insect aid.

Wild Flowers Worth Knowing Neltje Blanchan 1891

Also pale, pouch-like, cleistogamous flowers underground.

Wild Flowers Worth Knowing Neltje Blanchan 1891

In other cases precautions are taken to prevent cross-fertilisation, as in the numerous cleistogamous or closed flowers.

Darwinism (1889) Alfred Russel Wallace 1868