Definitions
from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.
- noun Any of various compounds consisting of a sugar, usually ribose or deoxyribose, and a purine or pyrimidine base, especially a compound obtained by hydrolysis of a nucleic acid, such as adenosine or guanine.
from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.
- noun (Biochem.) A type of molecule found in all living organisms, present mostly in chemically combined form as a component of nucleic acids, and also in smaller amounts in free form, consisting of a pentose sugar bound to a purine or pyrimidine base; two types of nucleoside,
ribonucleoside anddeoxyribonucleoside , are present. The most common bases present in nucleosides are adenine, cytosine, uracil, guanine, and thymine, and to a lesser extent hypoxanthine and other bases are found. The most commmon ribonucleosides composed from these bases are called adenosine, cytidine, uridine, and guanosine. The forms esterified with orthophosphoric at the 5-position of the pentose are called nucleotides. The nucleotides form the monomer units which are combined into DNA and RNA, which carry the genetic information required for reproduction in all known organisms.
from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.
- noun biochemistry an organic molecule in which a
nitrogenous heterocyclic base (ornucleobase ), which can be either a double-ringedpurine or a single-ringedpyrimidine , is covalently attached to a five-carbonpentose sugar (deoxyribose inDNA orribose inRNA ). When thephosphate group iscovalently attached to thepentose sugar , it forms anucleotide .
from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.
- noun a glycoside formed by partial hydrolysis of a nucleic acid
Etymologies
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Examples
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Abacavir Sulfate Tablets are used in combination with other medications to control HIV infection and is included in the ARV class of drugs known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
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Didanosine works by reducing the growth of HIV. It belongs to a class of medications called nucleoside analogues.
DWS Pill Scribe 2010
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The drug is included in a class of drugs known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and the tablet is a preferred form because of its ease, accuracy and convenience of dosing, according to the company.
Mylan AIDS drug gets tentative FDA approval | Pittsburgh Business Times 2010
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It's a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, or an NRTi, in AIDS speak.
Charles Karel Bouley: HIV Prevention Drug: Thanks, But No Thanks Charles Karel Bouley 2010
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Then why does no one call G proteins motors, despite the fact that they harness the energy from hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate to cause a conformational change by the same mechanism seen in myosins and kinesins?
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Then why does no one call G proteins motors, despite the fact that they harness the energy from hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate to cause a conformational change by the same mechanism seen in myosins and kinesins?
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I had to work out the determination of the independent specific activities of the sugars and bases which I did by treating the nucleosides with nucleoside phosphorylase and hypoxanthine to exchange for the base to be analyzed.
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In looking for a way to designate the ring face of a simple ring compound such as G6P or of the two rings of a nucleoside, or of fused ring compounds such as sterols, we realized that a universal method could be devised using the established rules for numbering the atoms of rings as contained in standard chemical handbooks15.
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All three drugs are known as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor drugs, or NNRTIs.
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- 1995: Two new classes of anti-HIV drugs, also targeting replication, are approved: protease inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.
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