ultramontane

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

• adjective Of or relating to peoples or regions lying beyond the mountains, especially the Alps.
• adjective Supporting the authority of the papal court over national or diocesan authority.
• adjective Relating to or supporting the doctrine of papal supremacy.
• noun One who lives beyond the mountains, especially south of the Alps.
• noun Roman Catholic Church One who advocates support of papal policy in ecclesiastical and political matters.

from The Century Dictionary.

• Being or lying beyond the mountains; tramontane: opposed to cismontane.
• noun One who resides beyond the mountains; a foreigner.
• noun One who resides south of the Alps, or who identifies himself with the Italian party in the Roman Catholic Church, and maintains the doctrine of absolute papal supremacy. See ultramontanism.

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.

• adjective Being beyond the mountains; specifically, being beyond the Alps, in respect to the one who speaks.
• noun One who resides beyond the mountains, especially beyond the Alps; a foreigner.
• noun One who maintains extreme views favoring the pope's supremacy. See Ultramontanism.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

• adjective theology respecting the supremacy of the Pope.
• adjective From the other side of a mountain range, particularly the Alps.
• noun Someone who acknowledges the supremacy of the Pope

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

• adjective of or relating to ultramontanism
• adjective on the Italian or Roman side of the Alps
• noun a Roman Catholic who advocates ultramontanism (supreme papal authority in matters of faith and discipline)
• adjective on or relating to or characteristic of the region or peoples beyond the Alps from Italy (or north of the Alps)