permanent foreign residents in English

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Foreign words and phrases that are perfectly acceptable to use in formal English writing, but still maintain the aura of foreignness. They do not enjoy full citizenship, but remain "alien residents" (in the US government's chilling terminology), "landed immigrants", "permanent residents". I am particularly interested in well-established phrases, which have been around for decades if not centuries, though more recent arrivals might fit, too, if they feel like they're here to stay – but will never be granted "full citizenship".