Definitions

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 5th Edition.

  • noun The pigmented, round, contractile membrane of the eye, suspended between the cornea and lens and perforated by the pupil. It regulates the amount of light entering the eye.
  • noun Any of numerous widely cultivated plants of the genus Iris, having narrow sword-shaped leaves and showy, variously colored flowers.
  • noun A rainbow or rainbowlike display of colors.
  • noun An iris diaphragm.

from The Century Dictionary.

  • noun The rainbow.
  • noun [capitalized] In classical mythology, the goddess of the rainbow and messenger of the gods, attached especially to Hera.
  • noun [capitalized] The seventh planetoid, discovered by Hind at London in 1847.
  • noun An appearance resembling a rainbow; an appearance of the hues of a rainbow, as seen in sunlit spray, the spectrum of sunlight, etc.; any iridescence.
  • noun A precious stone.
  • noun In anatomy, a contraetile colored curtain suspended vertically in the aqueous humor of the eye, between the cornea and the lens, separating the anterior and posterior chambers, which intercommunicate through the pupil.
  • noun In entomology, the first or inner ring of an ocellated spot, adjoining the pupil, being a light-colored circle with a dark center and outer border.
  • noun [capitalized] [NL. (Linnæus).] A genus of monocotyledonous plants of the natural order Irideæ, tribe Moræeæ, having the perianth 6-parted, the 3 outer divisions spreading or reflexed, and the 3 inner smaller and erect.
  • noun A plant of the genus Iris.
  • noun The root of a species of iris cultivated in India and sold in the bazaars of Calcutta to be used, like the Florentine orris-root, in perfumery and medicine.
  • noun The iridescence in fractured pieces of rock-crystal.

from the GNU version of the Collaborative International Dictionary of English.

  • noun (Class. Myth.) The goddess of the rainbow, and swift-footed messenger of the gods.
  • noun The rainbow.
  • noun An appearance resembling the rainbow; a prismatic play of colors.
  • noun (Anat.) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, and forming the colored portion of the eye. See Eye.
  • noun (Bot.) A genus of plants having showy flowers and bulbous or tuberous roots, of which the flower-de-luce (fleur-de-lis), orris, and other species of flag are examples. See Illust. of Flower-de-luce.
  • noun (Her.) See Fleur-de-lis, 2.
  • noun (Zoöl.) the inner circle of an oscillated color spot.
  • noun same as iris diaphragm.

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License.

  • noun botany A plant of the genus Iris, common in the northern hemisphere, and generally having attractive blooms (Wikipedia).
  • noun anatomy The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, which adjusts to control the amount of light reaching the retina, and which forms the colored portion of the eye (Wikipedia).
  • noun photography, cinematography A diaphragm used to regulate the size of a hole, especially as a way of controlling the amount of light reaching a lens.
  • noun poetic A rainbow, or other colourful refraction of light.
  • noun electronics A constricted opening in the path inside a waveguide, used to form a resonator.
  • verb To open or close in the manner of an iris.

from WordNet 3.0 Copyright 2006 by Princeton University. All rights reserved.

  • noun plants with sword-shaped leaves and erect stalks bearing bright-colored flowers composed of three petals and three drooping sepals
  • noun diaphragm consisting of thin overlapping plates that can be adjusted to change the diameter of a central opening
  • noun muscular diaphragm that controls the size of the pupil which in turn controls the amount of light that enters the eye; it forms the colored portion of the eye

Etymologies

from The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, 4th Edition

[Middle English, iris (the plant), from Latin īris, īrid-, rainbow, iris (the plant), from Greek, rainbow, brightly-colored gemstone, iris of the eye; see wei- in Indo-European roots.]

from Wiktionary, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License

From Middle English, from Latin, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (iris, "rainbow").

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Examples

Comments

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  • Who needs another reason to love this word?

    May 4, 2007

  • In Greek mythology, Iris is the personification of the rainbow and messenger of the gods. As the sun unites Earth and heaven, Iris links the gods to humanity. She travels with the speed of wind from one end of the world to the other, and into the depths of the sea and the underworld.

    _Wikipedia

    February 24, 2008